Analysis of the work knight for an hour. Analysis of the poem “Knight for an Hour” by Nekrasov. Nekrasov. Knight for an hour. Audiobook

The poem “A Knight for an Hour” was written in 1862 and published in No. 1-2 of Sovremennik for 1863. It was originally called “Insomnia.”

The poem reflected Nekrasov’s impressions from his stay in Greshnev and Abakumtsevo, where Nekrasov’s mother was buried behind the fence of the Church of Peter and Paul.

Dostoevsky believed that "A Knight for an Hour" was a masterpiece of Nekrasov's work. Nekrasov himself always read it excitedly, “with tears in his voice.”

Literary direction, genre

“A Knight for an Hour” is a penitential poem by the realist poet Nekrasov, close in genre to elegy. It contains elements of landscape, portrait, lamentation, and an epic plot. The poem "Knight for an Hour" was supposed to be part of a poem that was never written.

Theme, main idea and composition

The poem begins with the lyrical hero's insomnia caused by autumn weather (introduction).

The main part describes the hero’s walk on a frosty night. He observes the life of the village at night, enjoys the surrounding sounds (the noise made by birds, the knock of a passing cart and the ringing of his own steps), smells (tar from the cart). The vivacity of nature is transmitted to the lyrical hero. Contemplation of the rural landscape, the view of a village surrounded by stacks, puts one in a philosophical mood, and the lyrical hero’s thoughts fly away to the church where his mother is buried.

The hero mentally overcomes space: “What I am separated from by a huge space - everything lives in front of me.” He appeals to the shadow of his deceased mother, remembers her unhappy life, and recalls her portrait. The image of the mother appears to the lyrical hero, and he confesses his life and asks to guide him on the true path, the active path of love.

Waking up in the morning, the lyrical hero realizes his powerlessness, his inability to act (conclusion).

The theme of the poem is the confession of the lyrical hero, repentance for inactivity.

The main idea: it is not enough to realize your purpose and succumb to a momentary impulse; The thorny path of love is perseverance and fearlessness in achieving the goal.

Paths and images

In the introduction, Nekrasov uses personification and metaphors to describe the state of nature and the lyrical hero: the wind rages, darkness reigns, the mind is inactive.

The hero’s internal state, which has changed under the influence of the journey through the winter frost, is described using metaphors ( a great feeling of freedom fills the revived chest, the soul boils with thirst for action, conscience begins to sing its song) and epithets ( sense of smell is subtle, thoughts are fresh, legs are resilient). Here appears the motive for the active life that the soul requires. At the end of the poem he is remembered again as unrealized.

Nekrasov paints the landscape (sleeping nature) using epithets and metaphorical epithets: a quiet, moonlit night, the distance is deeply transparent, clean, a full month, patterned strange shadows, the finest webs of cobwebs, sleepy cornfields, a playing, clear moon, a cloudy oak, a cheerful maple, a heavy raven, an old spruce, late autumn, illuminated meadows. Colors are important in a landscape. Although it happens at night, the colors are bright: the sky is blue, whitish and purple, the earth is dressed “in waves of white moonlight” (metaphor), red stripes of buckwheat, green winter, a golden valley under the ice.

The lyrical hero’s thoughts about his mother and her grave are brought about by the association with his motherland, his native village-nurse, which the hero remembers. Both the homeland and the native village, stocked with haystacks for the winter, are personified. The hero is transported in his mind's eye to the church where his mother is buried.

In the description of the church, contrasts are important: the white wall and the black shadow of the old bell-ringer, the decrepit old man and his huge shadow across half the plain, the silence of the night and the sound of the bell ringing 12 times.

Evoking the image of his mother, “a deity of purest love,” the lyrical hero confesses to him. The portrait of the mother is written with epithets: “brown-haired, blue-eyed, with quiet sadness on her pale lips”, majestically silent, young, beautiful, pale-faced.

The lyrical hero asks to take him to the thorny road along which those who perish for the great cause of love walk(metaphor). He comes to the conclusion that only by death can he prove his courage and love (as his mother did, suffering for her children). The rhythmic break indicates that the hero’s prayer was continued.

But in the morning there was no trace left of the lyrical hero’s determination. He is weak and afraid, obeying the convictions of his inner voice that good impulses will not lead to action.

The title of the poem is a metaphorical description of a person who refuses to achieve noble goals under the influence of life's difficulties, only occasionally remembering them, and such are almost all people.

Meter and rhyme

The poem is written in trimeter anapest (the first line is in tetrameter). The speech is close to colloquial. Women's rhyme alternates with men's, ring and cross rhymes alternate unordered, some lines remain without rhyme, and logical stress falls on them.

“It’s stuffy! Without happiness and will...", analysis of Nekrasov’s poem
“Farewell”, analysis of Nekrasov’s poem

“Knight for an Hour”(1862). This lyrical work by Nekrasov is written about filial love for his mother, which develops into repentant love for his homeland. The poem is permeated with national, Orthodox Christian confessional motifs. The poet felt the inevitable tragedy and doom of the dream of a revolutionary feat in Russia:

Good impulses are destined for you,

But nothing can be accomplished...

The poem depicts a tangible landscape of a quiet moonlit night, which sharply contrasts with the poet’s “inner voice”:

The distance is deeply transparent, pure,

A full month floats over the oak tree,

And the colors that dominate the sky are blue, whitish, and lilac.

The waters shine brightly among the fields,

And the earth is whimsically dressed In waves of white moonlight And patterned, strange shadows.

Glossary:

– knight for an hour analysis

– knight for an hour Nekrasov analysis

– analysis of the poem knight for an hour

- analysis of the poem knight for the hour of nekrasov

– Nekrasov knight for an hour analysis

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"Knight for an Hour" analysis of the work - theme, idea, genre, plot, composition, characters, issues and other issues are discussed in this article.

History of creation

The poem “Knight for an Hour” was written in 1862 and published in No. 1-2 of Sovremennik for 1863. It was originally called “Insomnia”.

The poem reflected Nekrasov’s impressions from his stay in Greshnev and Abakumtsevo, where Nekrasov’s mother was buried behind the fence of the Church of Peter and Paul.

Dostoevsky believed that “A Knight for an Hour” was Nekrasov’s masterpiece. Nekrasov himself always read it excitedly, “with tears in his voice.”

Literary direction, genre

Theme, main idea and composition

The poem begins with the lyrical hero's insomnia caused by autumn weather (introduction).

Waking up in the morning, the lyrical hero realizes his powerlessness, his inability to act (conclusion).

The theme of the poem is the confession of the lyrical hero, repentance for inactivity.

The main idea: it is not enough to realize your purpose and succumb to a momentary impulse; The thorny path of love is perseverance and fearlessness in achieving the goal.

Paths and images

In the introduction, Nekrasov uses personification and metaphors to describe the state of nature and the lyrical hero: the wind rages, darkness reigns, the mind is inactive.

In the description of the church, contrasts are important: the white wall - and the black shadow of the old bell-ringer, the decrepit old man - and his enormously great shadow across half the plain, the silence of the night - and the sound of the bell ringing 12 times.

But in the morning there was no trace left of the lyrical hero’s determination. He is weak and afraid, obeying the convictions of his inner voice that good impulses will not lead to action.

Meter and rhyme

Analysis of the poem “Knight for an Hour” shows a sincere, conscientious confession of the lyrical hero, who completely bares his soul to the reader. Below we will take a closer look at all aspects of the prayer poem.

History of creation

In 1860, N. A. Nekrasov decided to write a long autobiographical poem, “A Knight for an Hour.” The main character in it bore the surname Valezhnikov. But only the first part was created - “On the Volga” - and the second, which we will consider. The confessional poem “A Knight for an Hour,” which will be analyzed below, initially had the title “Insomnia.” It was written in 1862 and published in Sovremennik with cuts for censorship reasons in 1863. These were difficult years for the poet. Belinsky and Dobrolyubov have already died. The poet moves away from the liberals and moves closer to the revolutionary democratic movement. But it was destroyed, Mikhailov and Chernyshevsky were exiled to Siberia. The lonely lyrical hero faces only “good impulses.” He is not ready for a difficult struggle, the author notes bitterly, and cannot accomplish anything. The poem was created after N. Nekrasov visited the village of Greshnevo, where he spent his childhood.

Genre of the poem

“Song of Repentance” - that’s what A.N. Nekrasov called his deep and bitter confession-pleading. It contains elegiac, satirical and lyrical notes. Nekrasov is the first writer to combine these motifs in one work.

Composition and theme of the work

The title is the key to the theme of the poem “Knight for an Hour,” which we have to analyze. In the 60s, the Sovremennik magazine split into two parts: liberal and revolutionary-democratic, which called for active struggle. N. Nekrasov supported the commoners. An analysis of the poem “A Knight for an Hour” shows that the author blamed himself first of all personally, and then his contemporaries (“insignificant tribe”) for not being sufficiently devoted to the struggle for the freedom of the oppressed people: many beautiful and correct words were said, but for they don't care about real things. His “mind is yearning,” and no one is ready for a difficult struggle. The beginning of the poem is insomnia that overcomes the lyrical hero.

The first part is a forced walk on a late autumn night.

The second takes him to distant native places, and the image of his long-deceased mother appears before him.

In conclusion, waking up in the morning, the hero realizes that he is unprepared for a difficult struggle: the flame of youth has awakened, but a “mocking inner voice” angrily advises one to submit to fate, since there is no strength for deeds.

The theme is revealed as a confession, as repentance for inactivity.

The main idea: knowing your purpose, you should not give in to a momentary impulse, but act systematically and purposefully for the sake of social transformation.

First part

The seven-line introduction explains why the “knight for an hour” does not sleep. An analysis of his feelings demonstrates that, as in nature, darkness has reigned over the soul, the mind is sad, and there is only one way out - to go for a walk in the cold.

And so he came out. It's a frosty night. Observation of nature rejuvenated the hero's soul. He is occupied by everything he sees, and he is glad that tonight he will not languish.

Footsteps ring loudly in the silence as he steps across a wide field. The geese on the pond woke up, and a young hawk took off smoothly from the stack. You can hear the cart driving and smell slightly of tar. Walk joyfully while your legs are strong. My thoughts were refreshed. The knight surrendered to the power of the surrounding cheerful nature for an hour. An analysis of the continuation of the feelings that took possession of the lyrical hero shows that he is filled with a feeling of freedom, but then his conscience spoke to him. He's chasing her. On this moonlit, quiet night it is good to admire the clean, deep, transparent distance, the moon, the waters, the whimsical shadows of the white moonlight, and the stacks that surrounded the village. In the bitter reality, alone with cruel thoughts, the knight again finds himself for an hour. Analysis says that he is mentally transported far away, to his mother’s grave.

Second part

Behind the village, on a low mountain, he sees an old church. He mentally sees how the old bell ringer climbs the bell tower and counts the bell strokes after him. Midnight. Mother's grave.

The soul dear to the lyrical hero hovers there invisibly. The knight begs her to appear with him for an hour (Nekrasov). Analysis of the poem shows how hard his mother lived her life. Unloved by her husband, she lived not for herself, but for her children; she prayed for them, beautiful, with brown hair and blue eyes, to God. She urged him to be merciful to them, without thinking about himself. The poet painted her noble image. The lyrical hero wants to burden her with his sadness again and asks for forgiveness for this. But he dies, a knight for an hour (Nekrasov). Analysis of the poem shows the depth of his suffering, and the request for maternal love is not empty words for him. He asks his beloved beautiful mother to again set him on the right path from which he has lost his way, to help him once again take the thorny road of truth, and asks her for forgiveness. He himself will not be able to do this: he is too deeply sucked in by the unclean mud, petty passions and thoughts. This makes the knight unhappy for an hour (Nekrasov). The analysis of the work that we are doing opened the mother’s heart completely, and the hero is now ready to prove by death that he knew how to love, and a timid heart beat in his chest: he despised enemies and envious people, did not bow his head to them.

Final lines

The epilogue of the hero who woke up in the morning is filled with despondency, regret and self-contempt. Nothing will change in his life.

And he realizes this with pain in his heart.

Analysis of the verse “Knight for an Hour” (Nekrasov)

The poet used the three-foot anapest when writing the poem. It is easy to read, as its speech is close to colloquial. The landscape part is written using bright epithets, metaphors, and alliteration using the “l” sound. The image of the mother is drawn using epithets. The title of the poem is also metaphorical. It emphasizes that a person forgets about the noble goals set in his youth.

The creativity of a writer is often put into a certain framework and unjustifiably limited in their area of creative thought and creation of works. For many readers, Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is a poet-revolutionary, a poet-citizen and a poet for the people. But there is another Nekrasov, who, perhaps, hid under revolutionary fervor all his life.

Late Nekrasov carefully hides his young philosophical reflections and devotes himself entirely to folk poetry. Despite this, he does not manage to completely move away from his early work from the collection “Dreams and Sounds” (1840). Each of his works contains reflections about himself and the essence of life. The poet's revolutionary poems contain a call to struggle not on the surface of the words, but in the very nature of the work.

The philosophical poem “A Knight for an Hour” of 1862 can be called a revelation, reflecting the essence of understanding the poet’s personality. The deep upheavals of that time, the break with friends who did not support his ideas, in particular with I.S. Turgenev, formed its basis.

Means of artistic expression

From the very first lines, the lyrical hero separates himself from other people - the moment of awakening has come for him, and the night has become a companion of his thoughts. His impetuous “Thank God!” reeks of hasty joy and the discovery of new feelings. It is nature that causes the narrator’s excited state. To further enliven the world around him, the poet uses anaphora: “How he shuddered! how he developed wings! How he waved them strongly and smoothly!”

In the poem we hear sounds, smell smells and admire views. All senses are involved, and therefore the picture of the unity of the environment and the hero’s inner world is more complete: “It was like tar pulled from the road... The sense of smell is subtle in the cold, Thoughts are fresh, legs are hardy.” Nekrasov’s famous “Chu!” revives the silence of nature.

The feeling of freedom and independence prevails in the hero’s heart. But he is not completely freed from thoughts about the past: “The path traveled is remembered, Conscience begins to sing its song...”. Characteristic is the personification of conscience as a kind of living being inside a person.

Nekrasov uses all kinds of epithets and metaphors to describe the picturesque Russian landscape: “The distance is deeply transparent, pure..”, “.. And the earth is whimsically dressed...”, “heavy raven”, “The majestic army of haystacks...”. The poet’s goal is to show not a real Russian village, but a mysterious, dreamy image of a night settlement.

The hero's first awakening occurs in superficial excitement and elation, when all nature is focused on the surrounding reality. The second awakening is coming. This explosion of thoughts and feelings in the silence of nature and man:

...And I involuntarily think.
I didn’t know how to cope with you, I couldn’t cope with cruel thoughts...

I see my native places in my imagination: “...The old church seems to me,” “Yes! I see you, God's house! An old watchman appears, whose image perhaps personifies all the peasant power, for which it is time to rise and slowly ring the bell.

The hero imagines the ringing of a bell, and he is already in his imagination with his thoughts and soul. Sublime epithets practically disappear, and colloquialisms predominate: “autumn”, “about a bucket day”, “in a wretched robe...”.

Main idea

The description of the mirage was only a preface to the main motive of the poem - the hero’s appeal to his mother. The traveler pronounces tender words to his deceased mother: “See me, darling!” Nekrasov himself appears under the mask of the lyrical hero. The poet's father was despotic, cruel and extremely unrestrained in his actions. Mother, on the contrary, was meek, but downtrodden. In the poet's memoirs, she remained an unhappy martyr and an ideal of tolerance and tenderness. In many works one can find her image: in a peasant woman, in his muse, in a sweet girl and in his beloved Russia. The death of his mother struck him cruelly and instilled in him the idea that he could never thank her for her love.

Her difficult fate, the struggle for the sake of her children - everything came together in the hero’s soul, his whole prayer was for a date with her. The son longs for her presence, but only for his own sake. His appeal is permeated with severe pain - this is the culmination and aggravation of all his feelings. He begs her only for a look that would wash away the full weight of grief. His pleas to his mother are so heartfelt that only a holistic construction of speech is capable of conveying the hero’s emotions. This is where the whole openness to accepting suffering comes through.

The hero admits that it was his mother who put him on the path of truth, and her ideal inspired him all his life. The memory of her is filled with bright epithets, and her description resembles the image of an angel. The narrator seeks moral support from his mother, reveals to her his nature and inner suffering:

I plunged into unclean mud
Petty thoughts, petty passions.
From the jubilant, idly chattering,
Hands stained with blood
Lead me to the camp of the lost
For a great cause of love!

The meaning of the ending

The hero's high and emotional impulses express the mental apotheosis of ideas and aspirations. But how quickly it collapses! Morning comes, and all the hero’s sacrifice wears off. Such an amazing destruction of the last words completes the climax of the work. All sublime thoughts remained - but only in the head. There is no more strength and courage to do anything. The desire to sacrifice oneself for the sake of a goal remains, but only in dreams. Now the hero is frightened by his mother’s grave, and, consequently, by death itself for the idea.

The last is the monologue of the hero’s “mocking inner voice”:

You are not in the grave yet, you are alive,
But for business you've been dead for a long time,
Good impulses are destined for you,
But nothing can be accomplished...

This passage embodies all the cruel feelings of the lyrical hero towards himself and his fate. It was precisely the lack of preparation for change during Nekrasov’s time that is reflected in his bitter complaints. The poet pronounces a verdict on himself and the Russian society of his era. He affirms the meaninglessness of lofty speeches and denounces inaction after a fiery mental apotheosis.

Issues

In the poem “Knight for an Hour” we find a certain decadent psychological mood of a person, his inactive essence, doomed to idle talk, and his innermost thoughts, which are confirmation of his internal inability to act. Nekrasov describes the feelings of the lyrical hero, who, under the influence of the power of beauty and nature, builds dreams and goals for himself, makes promises to the vision of his deceased mother. But in the morning there is no longer a trace of dreamy impulses, only boredom, laziness and futility of aspirations remain. The lofty speeches are cut short when the morning epiphany sets in: it becomes clear that the night phantoms were just pranks of the imagination, and the real world has not changed at all since yesterday. It seems that the hero fell asleep, had a dream, and when he woke up, he was convinced that it was all a mirage.

The poem is so different in emotional coloring and internal plexuses that the question remains - was it spiritual elation or frantic repentance?

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